絕緣電阻測試儀的作用是什么你了解有多少

絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電阻測(ce)試(shi)(shi)儀(yi)又稱數(shu)字絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電阻測(ce)試(shi)(shi)儀(yi)、兆歐表、智能絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電阻測(ce)試(shi)(shi)儀(yi)等，適(shi)于(yu)(yu)在(zai)各種電氣(qi)設備(bei)(bei)的保養(yang)、維修、試(shi)(shi)驗及檢定中(zhong)作(zuo)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電阻測(ce)試(shi)(shi)儀(yi)適(shi)于(yu)(yu)在(zai)各種電氣(qi)設備(bei)(bei)的保養(yang)、維修、試(shi)(shi)驗及檢定中(zhong)作(zuo)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)。 絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)阻值(zhi)分(fen)度線(xian)均勻清晰、便于(yu)(yu)準(zhun)確讀數(shu)。 操作(zuo)簡捷，攜帶(dai)方便。 低耗電，用(yong)8×1.5V(AA，R6)電池(chi)供電，使用(yong)時間長。 具有電池(chi)容量檢查功能。

　　絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)俗稱(cheng)兆歐表(biao)(biao)(biao)，或(huo)(huo)稱(cheng)搖表(biao)(biao)(biao)、高(gao)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)計、絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)測試(shi)儀等(deng)(deng)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)是(shi)大量使(shi)用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網站和(he)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)檢測儀表(biao)(biao)(biao)，對(dui)保證產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量和(he)運行(xing)中的(de)(de)人身及設(she)(she)備(bei)安全具有重要(yao)意義電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能是(shi)評(ping)價其絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)好壞的(de)(de)重要(yao)標(biao)志之一(yi)，它通過絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)反映(ying)出來(lai)。我們測定(ding)(ding)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，是(shi)指帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)分與外露(lu)非帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)金屬部(bu)分(外殼(ke))之間(jian)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，按不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，施(shi)加一(yi)直流(liu)高(gao)壓，如100V、250V、500V、1000V等(deng)(deng)，規定(ding)(ding)一(yi)個Z低(di)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)值(zhi)。有的(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)規定(ding)(ding)每kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)不(bu)小于1MΩ等(deng)(deng)。目(mu)前在(zai)(zai)家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器產(chan)品(pin)(pin)標(biao)準(zhun)中，通常只規定(ding)(ding)熱態(tai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，而不(bu)規定(ding)(ding)常態(tai)條(tiao)件下(xia)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)值(zhi)，常態(tai)條(tiao)件下(xia)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)值(zhi)由(you)企(qi)業(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)中自(zi)行(xing)制定(ding)(ding)。如果常態(tai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)值(zhi)低(di)，說明絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)結構中可能存(cun)在(zai)(zai)某種隱患或(huo)(huo)受(shou)損。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機繞組對(dui)外殼(ke)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)低(di)，可能是(shi)在(zai)(zai)嵌(qian)線時繞組的(de)(de)均(jun)線槽絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)受(shou)到損傷所致。在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器時，由(you)于突然上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)(huo)切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源或(huo)(huo)其它緣(yuan)故，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路產(chan)生過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，在(zai)(zai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)受(shou)損處產(chan)生擊穿，造成(cheng)對(dui)人身的(de)(de)安全或(huo)(huo)威脅(xie)。

　　1，絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻表(biao)(兆歐表(biao))-用于測(ce)量絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻的直接作用模擬指示的電(dian)測(ce)量儀表(biao)，其單位用MΩ表(biao)示。

　　2，測(ce)量(liang)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)-絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)表用(yong)來(lai)連接(jie)被測(ce)量(liang)的接(jie)線(xian)端(duan)子。絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)表的測(ce)量(liang)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)應分別標(biao)出線(xian)路端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)L，接(jie)地端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)E，屏(ping)蔽端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)G的標(biao)志(zhi)符號。

　　3，端(duan)鈕(niu)電壓-絕緣電阻表(biao)線路端(duan)鈕(niu)和(he)接地端(duan)鈕(niu)之(zhi)間的電壓。

　　4，額(e)定電壓-絕緣電阻表(biao)測(ce)量端(duan)鈕處(chu)于開路狀態下(xia)輸出(chu)電壓的標(biao)稱值。

　　5，開(kai)路電(dian)壓-絕緣電(dian)阻表(biao)測(ce)量(liang)端鈕(niu)處(chu)于開(kai)路狀態下所測(ce)量(liang)的輸出電(dian)壓實測(ce)值。

　　6，中(zhong)(zhong)值電(dian)壓-絕緣電(dian)阻表測量端鈕L、E連接中(zhong)(zhong)值電(dian)阻所測量的輸出電(dian)壓值。

　　一(yi)(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)就象是(shi)(shi)管(guan)道(dao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)好比(bi)(bi)是(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)壓(ya)力(li)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流好比(bi)(bi)是(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)的(de)流速(su)，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣就好比(bi)(bi)是(shi)(shi)管(guan)壁(bi)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子從(cong)導體(ti)發(fa)(fa)生漏(lou)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)其(qi)作用(yong)的(de)大小是(shi)(shi)用(yong)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)表(biao)示(shi)(shi)的(de)。有(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)具(ju)有(you)(you)高(gao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)，通常(chang)大于幾個(ge)兆歐(ou)(M)。差的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)具(ju)有(you)(you)較(jiao)低的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。為(wei)了發(fa)(fa)現管(guan)道(dao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)，您(nin)需要對其(qi)加(jia)壓(ya)。由于在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)Z高(gao)時(shi)容(rong)易發(fa)(fa)現滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)現象，所以您(nin)不(bu)能(neng)關閉自(zi)(zi)來(lai)(lai)水(shui)(shui)來(lai)(lai)檢查滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)。但是(shi)(shi)，您(nin)會限(xian)制可用(yong)的(de)自(zi)(zi)來(lai)(lai)水(shui)(shui)，這樣(yang)就能(neng)夠(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)現大的(de)漏(lou)洞時(shi)不(bu)至(zhi)于在(zai)(zai)(zai)周圍噴(pen)灑(sa)出太多(duo)的(de)水(shui)(shui)。比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)理想的(de)測(ce)試(shi)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(但也并(bing)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)特別高(gao))壓(ya)下提(ti)供有(you)(you)限(xian)的(de)水(shui)(shui)量。這正是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣測(ce)試(shi)儀要做(zuo)的(de)事(shi)情。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣測(ce)試(shi)儀(兆歐(ou)表(biao))會在(zai)(zai)(zai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)上加(jia)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，并(bing)測(ce)量由此產(chan)生的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。這樣(yang)就能(neng)夠(gou)計(ji)算并(bing)顯示(shi)(shi)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)(絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流束縛在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)程度(du)(du)，或(huo)者說防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流漏(lou)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)程度(du)(du))。便攜式絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣測(ce)試(shi)儀(兆歐(ou)表(biao))一(yi)(yi)般輸出的(de)測(ce)試(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)50V、100V、250V、500V或(huo)1000V。正象在(zai)(zai)(zai)管(guan)道(dao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)那樣(yang)，目的(de)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)供一(yi)(yi)個(ge)并(bing)非是(shi)(shi)特別高(gao)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya))。我們希望發(fa)(fa)現已有(you)(you)的(de)漏(lou)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，但是(shi)(shi)并(bing)不(bu)希望對系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)造(zao)成過應力(li)而產(chan)生新(xin)的(de)漏(lou)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。較(jiao)低的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)用(yong)于低壓(ya)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，例如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)、網絡或(huo)控制線(xian)(xian)路(lu);較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)用(yong)于測(ce)試(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣。

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)不僅(jin)僅(jin)是包著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)的(de)(de)塑料(liao)聚(ju)合物材(cai)料(liao)，它是由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)、套管(guan)(guan)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子、線(xian)管(guan)(guan)內空間(jian)(jian)(jian)、馬達和通用設備組成(cheng)的(de)(de)完整系統。機械壓力(li)、污染和溫度變化都(dou)能(neng)造(zao)成(cheng)這些(xie)組件隨時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)而惡(e)化，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)發生(sheng)漏(lou)泄(xie)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)漏(lou)泄(xie)會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)以下的(de)(de)幾個問題(ti)：1，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)穿過(guo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)時(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)熱量，會(hui)使(shi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)惡(e)化，直到(dao)終(zhong)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)失(shi)效，并會(hui)形成(cheng)火災隱患(huan)。2，漏(lou)泄(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)必需(xu)返(fan)回(hui)至源極(ji)，它將流(liu)(liu)經任(ren)何可用的(de)(de)導體、線(xian)管(guan)(guan)、管(guan)(guan)道、水或大地返(fan)回(hui)到(dao)源極(ji)。這種不利的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)危險的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。3，漏(lou)泄(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)是沒有效率的(de)(de)。經絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)漏(lou)泄(xie)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)并不能(neng)驅動馬達、發光或加(jia)熱，但是仍然(ran)會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)消耗。4，漏(lou)泄(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)會(hui)引起過(guo)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)裝置跳閘，使(shi)馬達和變壓器過(guo)熱。結果就是差的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)造(zao)成(cheng)設備發生(sheng)故障、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)線(xian)停(ting)工(gong)。現在，沒有哪個工(gong)廠能(neng)夠(gou)經受得住計劃外(wai)的(de)(de)停(ting)工(gong)。“客戶(hu)需(xu)要(yao)快速(su)診(zhen)斷故障。沒有人愿(yuan)意(yi)損失(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，并且(qie)許多客戶(hu)都(dou)急切(qie)地想知道他(ta)們是需(xu)要(yao)修理設備呢還是需(xu)要(yao)簡單地進行更(geng)換。"

　　通(tong)過測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)系統中不同組(zu)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(變(bian)壓器、開關裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、導(dao)線(xian)、馬達(da))，技術員就(jiu)可以隔離并修復發生故障的(de)(de)(de)部件(jian)。技術員利(li)用(yong)(yong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)來檢驗導(dao)線(xian)和(he)(he)地或者相(xiang)鄰導(dao)線(xian)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)高絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。兩個常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)例(li)子就(jiu)是(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)馬達(da)繞組(zu)和(he)(he)馬達(da)底座之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)，以及檢查相(xiang)導(dao)體和(he)(he)搭鐵線(xian)/機籠之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。在給(gei)系統加電(dian)之(zhi)前，利(li)用(yong)(yong)絕(jue)緣(yuan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗證(zheng)它是(shi)健全的(de)(de)(de)，能(neng)夠(gou)改善系統的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng);絕(jue)緣(yuan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)夠(gou)發現制(zhi)造(zao)工藝問題和(he)(he)設(she)備(bei)缺陷，而這(zhe)些問題在設(she)備(bei)發生故障之(zhi)前一般是(shi)發現不了(le)的(de)(de)(de)。在歐盟(meng)，該項測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)強制(zhi)性的(de)(de)(de)，即使對(dui)小的(de)(de)(de)民用(yong)(yong)系統也是(shi)如此(ci)。

　　1、儀(yi)表的絕緣測(ce)(ce)試(shi)對(dui)(dui)于5400在500V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)20GΩ， 在1000V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)40GΩ， 在2500V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)100GΩ;對(dui)(dui)于5500型(xing)在2500V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)100GΩ， 在5000V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)200GΩ;對(dui)(dui)于5600型(xing)在5000V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)200GΩ， 在10000V.Z高可(ke)測(ce)(ce)400GΩ;。

　　2、額定的輸出電壓(ya)保持在對5400型(xing)負(fu)載電阻可低(di)(di)至4MΩ/8MΩ/20MΩ;對5500型(xing)為20MΩ/40MΩ;對5600型(xing)為40MΩ/80MΩ，這使得儀表能夠(gou)準確測量較低(di)(di)的絕緣阻抗。

　　3、自動轉換的高(gao)低范(fan)圍(wei)雙刻(ke)度指示(shi)， 彩(cai)色(se)刻(ke)度易于讀(du)識， 并且有(you)LED顯示(shi)相應色(se)彩(cai)。

　　4、整(zheng)機(ji)采用(yong)ABS塑(su)料機(ji)殼便攜式設計，具有抗(kang)干(gan)擾能(neng)力強、結構緊湊、外觀精美。

　　5、儀表(biao)采(cai)用超(chao)薄(bo)型張(zhang)絲(si)表(biao)頭(tou)，抗震(zhen)能力強。

　　6、交(jiao)直(zhi)流兩用，內(nei)置可充電池和智能充電模塊，整機(ji)輸出功率大(C型)。

　　7、是測量變壓器(qi)、互感(gan)器(qi)、發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)、電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容、電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜、避雷器(qi)等絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)理想(xiang)測試(shi)儀器(qi)。